Internal fluid flow through a curved pipe introduces a Coriolis force (Patrikalakis, 1986) defined as follows:
where:
• is the Coriolis force vector
• is the mass of the entrained fluid
• is the velocity of the entrained fluid
• is the vector of nodal rotations
• is a unit tangent vector
The tangent vector for a given element is assumed to be parallel to the instantaneous local-x axis of the element, and its orientation is consistent with the direction of fluid flow through the element.
•*INTERNAL FLUID is used to define the properties of an internal fluid. Coriolis forces are included by default, but the CORIOLIS= option allows you to suppress the effects of Coriolis forces in a particular analysis, allowing the relative significance of these loads to be assessed.